Moving to the US: A Guide for Expats and Digital Nomads

The United States, a nation rich in diversity and opportunity, attracts individuals from around the world. Whether you are enticed by its bustling cities, breathtaking landscapes, or the allure of the American Dream, relocating to the US can be an exhilarating yet daunting prospect.

This comprehensive guide will walk you through every step of the process, from visa applications to embracing the local culture, ensuring a smooth transition to your new life in the US. Let’s embark on this journey together, making your American dream a reality.

Step 1: Prepare your documents

Before you can move to the US, ensure you’re eligible to stay in the country and apply for a visa. Here’s what to consider:

Visa requirements in the US

The US requires citizens from most countries to obtain a visa or authorization through the Electronic System for Travel Authorization (ESTA) for short visits. A visa is obligatory for long-term stays, including work or residency.

US visa types

• Tourist visa (B-2): For those visiting the US for tourism or medical treatment
• Business visa (B-1): For business-related visits without entering the US labor market
• Student visas (F-1, M-1): For academic (F-1) or vocational (M-1) studies
• Permanent Resident Card (Green Card): Allows you to live and work permanently in the US. Obtained through family, employment, refugee or asylee status, or the Diversity Visa Lottery
• Work visas: Various types exist, including:
  • H-1B (specialty occupations)
  • L-1A & L-1B (intra-company transfers)
  • O-1A (extraordinary ability or achievement in sciences, education, business, or athletics)
  • EB-1A (extraordinary ability)
  • EB-1B (outstanding professors & researchers)
  • EB-1C (transferring managers and executives from foreign companies)
  • E-2 (treaty investors)

Visa sponsorship in the US

Most work visas require sponsorship from a US employer, who must file a petition with the US Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) on your behalf.

Essential US immigration document checklist

• Passport valid for at least six months beyond your planned stay
• Visa application confirmation and interview appointment
• Photographs as per visa specifications
• Visa application fee payment receipt
• Supporting documents per visa type, including employment offer, university admission, etc
• Proof of financial means to support your stay
• Evidence of ties to your home country to ensure return post-visit
• Travel itinerary and accommodation details (if applicable)
• Criminal record certificate (if required)
• Marriage and birth certificates for family immigration applications

Importance of authenticating and translating documents

It’s imperative to have your documents translated into English and authenticated. Some documents may require certification through a process known as apostille, depending on your home country’s agreement with the US.

Step 2: Manage your finances in the US

Adjusting your finances to fit the US cost of living is crucial, especially in expensive cities. Researching specific cities and planning for higher costs in areas like housing and healthcare will help ensure a smooth transition. Here are a few considerations to help you adapt financially and thrive in the US.

Cost of living in the US

• Housing: Rent in the US varies widely by location. For example, the median rent for a one-bedroom apartment in New York City is approximately $3,419 per month, with larger units averaging even more. In San Francisco, the median rent is around $3,391, with high-end neighborhoods like Presidio Heights reaching $4,175. In contrast, smaller cities or towns may offer rents as low as $1,500 to $2,000 for comparable spaces
• Utilities: Monthly utility costs, including electricity, heating, cooling, water, and garbage, typically range from $100 to $200 but can be higher in regions with extreme weather. Expats should factor these costs into their housing budget
• Food: Groceries cost between $300 and $600 monthly, depending on location and dietary preferences. For instance, a larger city like Los Angeles might lean towards the higher end due to higher food prices, while smaller cities often have more affordable options
• Transport: Transportation costs depend heavily on the city. In urban centers like New York, public transit is efficient and costs approximately $127 per month for a MetroCard. However, in suburban or rural areas, owning a car may be necessary. Car ownership includes expenses like insurance (around $148 monthly on average), gas, and maintenance
• Healthcare: Healthcare in the US can be expensive without employer-sponsored insurance. Private insurance can cost $456 per month for an individual. Expats should research options through marketplaces like Healthcare.gov to find suitable plans
• Education: Public schools are free for residents, offering significant savings for families. However, private school tuition averages $12,350 annually, rising to $16,040 for high schools.
• Miscellaneous: Additional costs include phone and internet services, which average $50 to $100 per month. Entertainment, dining out, and personal expenses vary but should also be factored into your budget

Taxation in the US

The US has a progressive tax system, with rates ranging from 10% to 37%, depending on your income bracket. Here are the basics for expats:

• Classification: Expats living in the US are typically classified as “resident aliens” for tax purposes if they meet the Substantial Presence Test, which considers the number of days spent in the US over three years. Resident aliens are taxed on their worldwide income, similar to US citizens
• Reporting global income: Expats must report all income earned worldwide, including wages, foreign investments, rental income, and pensions, on their US tax return. This can cause double taxation unless mitigated by tax treaties or credits. To avoid double taxation, expats can:
  • Claim Foreign Tax Credits (FTC): Expats can claim a credit for taxes paid to a foreign country, reducing US tax liability.
  • Foreign Earned Income Exclusion (FEIE): If an expat works abroad temporarily but retains US tax obligations, they may exclude up to $120,000 (2023) of foreign-earned income
  • Tax treaties: The US has treaties with many countries that clarify tax obligations and reduce withholding rates

See also: US Tax Treaties: Save on Foreign Taxes In 60+ Countries

Banking and currency exchange in the US

Opening a bank account is relatively straightforward, requiring identification and proof of address. A Social Security Number (SSN) or Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN) enhances banking options. Currency exchange is easily accessible through banks and exchange services.

Step 3: Arrange housing and accommodation in the US

Finding suitable accommodation will greatly impact your experience in the US. The choice between renting and buying depends on your long-term plans, budget, and desired lifestyle.

Renting vs. buying in the US

In the United States, the majority of people own their homes, with approximately 65.6% of households owning their residences as of the second quarter of 2023. However, renting remains common, particularly in urban areas and among younger demographics.

Renting offers flexibility, while buying is a long-term investment. Initial costs for renting include a security deposit and the first month’s rent, while buying involves down payments and closing costs.

Finding suitable housing in the US

Websites like Zillow, Craigslist, and local realtor sites are great resources. Typical lease terms are 12 months, with a security deposit and credit check often required.

Step 4: Job market and working arrangements

The US job market is diverse, accommodating various skills and industries. Remote work has gained popularity, offering flexibility.

US job market overview

In the US, key industries such as technology, healthcare, finance, and education offer a wide range of career opportunities. For instance, the tech industry continues to thrive, especially in e-commerce, software engineering, and cybersecurity.

​The healthcare sector remains robust, particularly in roles related to health services management and medical research. Finance offers competitive salaries for analysts, investment bankers, and financial advisors. Education also presents opportunities, with a growing demand for teaching and administration positions​.

Salary ranges can vary significantly depending on role and location. High-paying roles are particularly common in large metropolitan areas like San Francisco, New York, and Washington, D.C. However, smaller cities and rural areas may have lower salaries but also lower living costs. Platforms like LinkedIn, Glassdoor, and Indeed are popular tools for job seekers across industries, offering detailed salary insights and company reviews​.

Access real-time salary data in the US with Deel’s Global Salary Insights Tool.

English is the primary language used in most professional environments in the US, though bilingualism can be highly advantageous, particularly in areas with large international or immigrant populations. This is especially true in sectors such as finance, healthcare, and tech​.

Understanding work culture in the US

The US work culture emphasizes professionalism, punctuality, and productivity. Standard work hours are 40 per week, with two weeks of vacation annually. Work-life balance is increasingly valued, with many companies offering flexible arrangements.

Check out the statutory common and competitive benefits offered by companies in the US with Deel’s Global Benefits Tool.

Step 5: Organize healthcare and education in the US

In the US, healthcare access largely depends on insurance, which expats can obtain through multiple channels. Employer-sponsored insurance plans are the most common form.

Additionally, private insurance can be purchased directly from insurance companies, often through the Health Insurance Marketplace, where individuals can select from various plans depending on their needs and financial situations.

Those who cannot afford private insurance or do not have employer coverage can get health coverage through government programs. The Affordable Care Act (ACA) offers subsidies to help lower-income individuals purchase insurance.

In addition, programs like Medicare and Medicaid are available for elderly individuals and those with low incomes, respectively.

Healthcare costs can still be high, especially for individuals without insurance or high-deductible plans, making it essential to understand the options available.

Education in the US

The US education system offers a range of options, including public, private, and homeschooling.
Public schools are free, funded by government sources, and provide a standardized curriculum, though quality can vary based on location and funding.

Private schools charge tuition and may offer specialized or religious education, often with smaller classes.

Homeschooling allows parents to control their child’s education and can be done independently or in co-op groups, though it requires considerable time and effort.

The US also boasts top universities like Harvard, Stanford, and MIT, known for their prestigious programs, though tuition can be high, with financial aid options available​.

Step 6: Ensure your safety while in the US

The US is generally considered a safe place to live, but crime rates can vary significantly depending on the region. Urban areas often experience higher crime rates than rural locations.

In terms of natural disaster risks, the US faces a variety of threats depending on geographic location. For example, Hurricanes are common in coastal regions like Florida and Texas, while the West Coast is more prone to earthquakes and wildfires.

Emergency contacts include 911 for police, fire, and medical emergencies.

Step 7: Immerse yourself in US culture

• Diversity: The US is a melting pot of cultures, embracing a wide range of traditions and cuisines. This diversity is celebrated across the nation, influencing everything from cuisine to holidays and art
• Tipping culture: Tipping is customary in service industries. Waitstaff in restaurants usually rely on tips to supplement their income. Common tipping rates include 15%-20% for restaurant servers, $1-$2 per bag for hotel bellhops, and 10%-15% for taxi drivers
• Sports: American football, basketball, and baseball are deeply ingrained in US culture. The NFL (National Football League) dominates the sports landscape, particularly in the fall, with the Super Bowl being one of the most-watched events globally
• National parks: The US is home to stunning national parks showcasing the country’s natural beauty, including famous locations like Yellowstone, Grand Canyon, Yosemite, and the Great Smoky Mountains

Fast-track your move to the US with Deel Immigration

From the bustling streets of New York City to the serene landscapes of the Pacific Northwest, the US offers a unique blend of opportunities and experiences. Expats can benefit from a dynamic job market, diverse cultures, high-quality education, and access to healthcare.

With careful research and planning, along with support from Deel Immigration, your move to the US can be a rewarding journey. Discover how Deel can help you navigate the visa application process and find the best insurance plans, ensuring a smooth start to your American adventure. Schedule your free consultation today.